Eight Standard Skills of Teaching (8 ketrampilan mengajar guru)

Eight Standard Skills of Teaching

1.       Skill of starting (set induction) and closing lesson (closure)

Set induction is all effort done by teacher to create pre-condition such that students’ attention stay focus and be ready to join the lesson. The skills for set induction are gaining students’ attention, giving motivation, giving reference, explaining the relation with the other material. For closing, teacher needs to be able to summarize and evaluate the lesson.

2.       Skill of addressing question

Questioning is stimulus for effective thinking. Based on the purpose, there are 4 types of question: complain question, rhetorical question, prompting, and probing question. According to Bloom, there are 5 types of question: recall or knowledge question, comprehending question, application question, synthesis question, and evaluation question.

Teacher need to address question effectively. The parameter of effective question is when the question can lead the students to think critically and creatively in addressing the answer. Teacher should avoid the following actions: answering is own question, repeating the students’ answer, addressing question classically, determine the student answering a question before the question addressed, and addressing double questions.

3.       Skill of giving reinforcement

Reinforcement is any responses, verbal or nonverbal, part of modification of teacher’s action, in order to give feedback for his achievement to support more. Reinforcement can be in a form of acknowledgement, support, warm acceptance, etc.

4.       Skill of creating variation

Variation is any actions in learning context which aim to counter the bored situation of lesson. It can be variation of the way of teaching, focus, eye contact, movement, expression, as well as the use of learning media.

5.       Skill of explaining material

This is about skill to organize and to present material in a systematic presentation. It includes planning and presenting material.

6.       Skill of guiding small group discussion

Group discussion is ruled process involving some students to meet informally to share ideas, draw conclusion, or solve problems.

7.       Skill of organizing the classroom

This is the skill to create and keep the good condition in order to run the lesson smoothly. The preventive and repressive actions are eventually needed to maintain the well managed class.

8.       Skill of teaching both group and individual

Sometimes teacher needs to divide his class into groups. Group needs to be managed well in order to achieve the learning goal. For individual, teacher needs skill to do personal approach toward the individual.

References:

Asikin, M., & Cahyono, A. N. (2017). Basic of Mathematics Learning Process I. Semarang: Penerbit FMIPA UNNES.